如意精舍RU-YI MEDITATION
Quarter 1 Week 7

Concentration and the Present Moment

禪定與當下 · Right Mindfulness & Right Concentration · 正念與正定 (Sati / Samādhi)

本週重點

Overview

💬 English Goal

英文目標

Use articles correctly — a / an for general things and the for specific ones — and use prepositions of place and time (in, on, at, under) to say exactly where and when you feel calm.

正確使用「冠詞」——a / an 用在一般、不特定的事物,the 用在特定的事物——並使用「地方和時間的介系詞」(in 在……裡、on 在……上、at 在……、under 在……下面)來精確地說出你在哪裡、什麼時候感到平靜。

🪷 Spiritual Goal

佛學/心靈目標

Understand Right Concentration (Samādhi) and Right Mindfulness (Sati) as the fruit of steady Right Effort — learning that real peace is found not in a perfect place, but in the present moment, with the focus resting gently on the breath.

了解「正定(Right Concentration,巴利文 Samādhi)」和「正念(Right Mindfulness,Sati)」是穩定的「正精進」所結出的果實——明白真正的平安不在某個完美的地方,而在當下,讓專注力輕輕地安放在呼吸上。

單字 Vocabulary

點 🔊 聽發音

聽、跟著念、大聲說三次。

focus(n.)專注/焦點
concentration(n.)專注力/正定
effort(n.)努力/精進
release(v.)釋放
cessation(n.)滅/止息
peace(n.)平靜/和平
present moment(n.)當下
calmness(n.)平靜/安定

句型 Sentence Patterns

Key Patterns
Pattern 1 · Articles — a / an / the
I need a ___ . · The ___ is ___ .

I need a moment of peace. 我需要一刻的安寧。

The Buddha taught the Eightfold Path. 佛陀教導了八正道。

A simple life is enough. 簡單的生活就足夠了。

Pattern 2 · Prepositions of place — in / on / under
___ is in / on / under ___ .

Peace is in my heart. 安詳就在我的心裡。

My concentration is on my breath. 我的專注力放在我的呼吸上。

I put the stress under a chair. 我把壓力放到椅子底下。

Pattern 3 · Prepositions of time — at / in / on
I ___ at / in / on ___ .

I meditate at night. 我在夜裡靜坐。

I can find silence at any time. 我隨時都能找到寧靜。

✏️ Grammar Focus · Articles and prepositions

Use a / an for something general (one of many) and the for something specific that we both know: a kind thought vs. the Middle Path. Use in for inside (in my heart), on for a surface (on my breath), and at for an exact place or time (at night). These tiny words help us point to where and when our calm lives.

用 a / an 來指一般的事物(眾多之中的一個),用 the 來指我們彼此都知道的特定事物:a kind thought(一個善念)相對於 the Middle Path(中道)。用 in 表示在裡面(in my heart 在我心裡)、on 表示在表面上(on my breath 在我的呼吸上)、at 表示某個確切的地點或時間(at night 在夜裡)。這些小小的字幫助我們指出平靜住在「哪裡」和「什麼時候」。

故事 The Story

Story

Imagine a child who cannot study because the room is noisy (房間很吵). She runs to a quiet corner, but a dog barks. She runs to the garden, but the wind blows. Everywhere she goes, something disturbs her, and she grows tired and sad.

想像有個孩子因為房間很吵而沒辦法讀書(房間很吵)。她跑到一個安靜的角落,可是有一隻狗在叫。她跑到花園,可是風又吹了起來。她走到哪裡,都有東西打擾她,於是她又累又難過。

A wise teacher smiles and says, “You are looking for peace in a place. But peace does not live in a room or a corner — it lives in the present moment.” The teacher shows her how to bring her attention back, again and again, to one simple thing: her own breathing. This steady returning is Right Mindfulness (Sati), and the calm, gathered focus it brings is Right Concentration (Samādhi).

一位有智慧的老師微笑著說:「你一直在『一個地方』裡找平靜。但平靜不是住在房間或角落裡——它住在當下。」老師教她如何一次又一次地把注意力帶回到一件簡單的事情上:她自己的呼吸。這樣穩定地一再回來,就是「正念(Right Mindfulness,Sati)」,而它所帶來那份平靜、凝聚的專注,就是「正定(Right Concentration,Samādhi)」。

The last three steps of the Eightfold Path — Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration — work together like climbing one stair at a time. With patient Right Effort, the child learns to rest her focus on her breath even in a noisy room. She discovers the secret: the key to peace is not the location, but the focus. The calm was never far away — it was always here, in this very moment.

八正道的最後三步——「正精進、正念、正定」——就像一階一階爬樓梯一樣一起運作。靠著有耐心的正精進,這孩子學會了即使在吵雜的房間裡,也能把專注力安放在自己的呼吸上。她發現了一個祕密:平靜的關鍵不在於地點,而在於專注。平靜其實從來不遙遠——它一直都在這裡,就在此時此刻。

🤔 Check your understanding

  • Where did the child first look for peace? 小孩起初在哪裡尋找平靜?
  • What did the teacher say peace really lives in? 老師說平靜真正住在哪裡?
  • How can you bring your focus back to the present moment? 你如何把專注帶回當下?

佛法小品 The Principle

Principle

🌟 Concentration, the Fruit of Effort 精進結出的果實

Right Concentration is not forcing the mind to be still — it is the quiet gathering of attention that grows from kind, steady Right Effort and gentle Right Mindfulness. When your focus rests on your breath and your heart settles in the present moment, you can find calmness at any time and in any place, even a noisy one. Peace is not somewhere far away; it is here, now.

正定不是強迫心安靜下來——它是從那份溫和、穩定的正精進,以及柔和的正念中,慢慢凝聚起來的安靜專注。當你的專注安放在呼吸上、你的心安住在當下,你就能隨時、在任何地方找到平靜,即使是在很吵的地方也一樣。平安不在遠方某處;它就在這裡、就在現在。

練習 Practice

Homework

Every day this week, use articles and prepositions to write down where and when you found your peace. Choose the tier that fits you. 每天用冠詞和介詞寫下你在哪裡、什麼時候找到平靜。

Beginner 入門

2 sentences + affirmation

Ages 5–8 · new learners
Write 2 preposition sentences using in and on to show where peace is, plus 1 affirmation using a or the.
寫 2 個介系詞句子,用 in 和 on 來表示平靜在哪裡,再加 1 句肯定語,用到 a 或 the。
ExampleI feel calm in my bed. I see a book on a table. I am a peaceful student.
Intermediate 中級

3–4 sentences

Ages 9–12 · developing fluency
Write 3–4 sentences using in, on, at and the articles a, an, the to describe time and place, then say where your concentration is.
寫 3–4 個句子,用到 in、on、at 和冠詞 a、an、the 來描述時間和地點,然後說說你的專注力放在哪裡。
ExampleI feel relaxed at night. I put the stress under a chair. I am reading an interesting book. My focus is on my breathing.
Advanced 進階

4–5 sentences

Ages 13–16 · fluent speakers
Write 4–5 sentences using complex structures and all the prepositions and articles. Reflect on how Right Mindfulness (Sati) helps you find calm in an imperfect place.
寫 4–5 個句子,使用複雜句型,並用上所有的介系詞和冠詞。想一想正念(Sati)如何幫助你在一個不完美的地方裡找到平靜。
ExampleI practice the Right Mindfulness even in a noisy room. The key to my peace is not the location, but the focus on my breathing. I can find silence at any time.

小考 Mini Quiz

Check Yourself

選出最適合的答案,點選後會看到解析。

Question 1 of 10
Which word means “正定 / calm, gathered focus”?
Correct: B. Concentration (專注力/正定) is the calm, gathered focus of Samādhi. Release = 釋放; cessation = 滅.
Question 2 of 10
Choose the correct article: “I need ___ moment of peace.”
Correct: A. Use a before a general singular noun beginning with a consonant sound: a moment.
Question 3 of 10
Which sentence uses the correctly for a specific, known thing?
Correct: C. There is only one specific Eightfold Path, so we use the: “the Buddha taught the Eightfold Path.”
Question 4 of 10
Choose the correct article: “I am reading ___ interesting book.”
Correct: D. Use an before a vowel sound: an interesting book.
Question 5 of 10
Which preposition fits: “Peace is ___ my heart.”
Correct: A. Use in for something inside: in my heart.
Question 6 of 10
Which preposition fits: “My concentration is ___ my breath.”
Correct: C. We rest our focus on a surface or object of attention: on my breath.
Question 7 of 10
Which preposition of time fits: “I meditate ___ night.”
Correct: B. Use at with night and exact times: at night, at any time.
Question 8 of 10
The last three steps of the Eightfold Path are Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and…
Correct: D. The final three steps are Right Effort (正精進), Right Mindfulness (正念 / Sati), and Right Concentration (正定 / Samādhi).
Question 9 of 10
What does the teacher say is the real key to peace?
Correct: A. “The key to my peace is not the location, but the focus.” Peace lives in the present moment, not in a perfect place.
Question 10 of 10
Right Concentration (Samādhi) grows out of…
Correct: C. Samādhi is the fruit of kind, steady Right Effort and gentle Right Mindfulness — not force, and not a perfect place.